Muby Chemicals, Anmol Chemicals and a few more  manufacturing units are owned by Kamdar Family. We have ISO-9000 certification and FDA approval. ISO-9001-2008 Certificate.

ISO-9001-2008 Certified Company

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Product Links:  Zinc Chloride      Ammonium Chloride      Calcium Chloride      Potassium Chloride      Sodium Chloride      Sodium Acetate      Mono/Di Ammonium Phosphate      Mono/Di/Tri Sodium Phosphate       Mono/Di/Tri Potassium Phosphate      Iron Sulphide or Ferrous Sulphide      Sodium Bromide      Potassium Bromide      Zinc Sulphate      PCB Etchant or Ammonical Etchant      Ammonium Chloride Bars/Bricks/Latta & Pellets/Tablets; Sal ammoniac Bars and Salamak Bricks, Navsagar      Zinc Ammonium Chloride Galvanising Flux      Sodium Di-Acetate

The manufactured Chemicals are as under:

       1. Zinc Chloride for Zinc Chloride Technical, Battery Grade, Low Moisture, for Friedel Craft Reaction & Azotropic or Azeotropic Distillation, Karl-Fischer, Free-Flowing, Pure, Extra Pure, IP, BP, USP, EP..
       2. Ammonium Chloride for Ammonium Chloride Technical white, Pure, Extra Pure, Caking & Anti-caking, IP, BP, USP, EP., Bricks, Bars Pellets, Latta & Tablets offered too.
       3. Calcium Chloride for Calcium Chloride Solid, Fused, Anhydrous, Pellets, Lye-Solution-Brine, Food Grade, Pharmaceutical Grade, IP, BP, USP, EP, Merck Index, Dihydrate Crystals, Dissolved Acetylene (DA) gas grade, Desiccation grade, Solvent Drying grade, Cement Paint grade, Photography/Printing grade, Plastic grade, Refrigeration grade, Heat Treatment Salt grade, Cement Hardening or Accelerator grade, De-icing or Ice Melting use, Dust Control use, for Azotropic or Azeotropic Distillation.
       4. Sodium Acetate for Sodium Acetate Crystals, Trihydrate, Anhydrous, Pure, Extra Pure, IP, BP, USP, EP. 
       5. Potassium Chloride for Potassium Chloride Pure and Extra Pure Pharma Grade, IP, BP, USP, EP.
       4. Sodium Chloride for Sodium Chloride Pure and Extra Pure Pharma Grade, IP, BP, USP, EP.
       7. Mono/Di Ammonium Phosphate for Mono Ammonium Phosphate and Di Ammonium Phosphate Anhydrous, Extra Pure,
       8. Mono/Di/Tri Sodium Phosphate  for Mono Sodium Phosphate, Di Sodium Phosphate & Tri Sodium Phosphate Anhydrous, IP, BP, USP, EP.
       9. Mono/Di/Tri Potassium Phosphate for Mono Potassium Phosphate, Di Potassium Phosphate & Tri Potassium Phosphate Anhydrous, Extra Pure or Technical. 
          10. Iron Sulphide or Ferrous Sulphide for Iron Sulphide or Ferrous Sulphide Sticks, Powder, Lumps.
     11. Sodium Bromide for Sodium Bromide Technical white, Pure, Extra Pure, Photographic.
     12. Potassium Bromide for Potassium Bromide Pure, Extra Pure.
     13. Zinc Sulphate click here for Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, Monohydrate, Anhydrous, Technical, Pure, Extra Pure, IP, BP, USP, EP.
     14. PCB Etchant or Ammonical Etchant for PCB Copper Etchant or Ammonical Etchant for Stripping of Copper from Printed Circuit Board, we offer advanced, fast acting etchant, that works at double the speed, itching neatly and etching more of copper per unit of etchant, saving time and money too.
     15. Ammonium Chloride Bars/Bricks/Latta & Pellets/Tablets; Sal ammoniac Bars and Salamak Bricks, Navsagar  click here  for Ammonium Chloride Bars or Bricks or Latta. Also fro Pallets and Tablets.
     16. Zinc Ammonium Chloride Galvanising Flux for Zinc Ammonium Chloride Galvanizing Flux As manufacturers of Zinc Chloride and Ammonium Chloride, we are better equipped to offer Zinc Ammonium Chloride based Proprietary Flux in Powder form for Wet Flux  and Dry Flux Applications .
     17. Sodium Di-Acetate for Sodium Di-Acetate for food industry. Sodium Diacetate
     18. Calcium Chloride Bars & Pellets

 

Zinc Chloride Anhydrous Powder
Synonyms: Zinc Chloride, Zinc Dichloride, Zinc Butter
CAS No.: 7646-85-7
Molecular Weight: 136.30
Chemical Formula: ZnCl2

For Zinc Chloride MSDS click here

GRADES OF ZINC CHLORIDE AND SPECIFICATIONS.

PARTICULARS	ZINC CHLORIDE TECHNICAL	ZINC CHLORIDE BATTERY GRADE	ZINC CHLORIDE A. R. GRADE
Assay	88% Approx	94-98%	98-99%
Appearance	Snow-white	Snow-white	Snow-white
Ammonia as NH4Cl	5-10%	2% max.	0.1% max.
Alkalies and Alk.Earth	2%	1.5% max.	0.1% max.
Iron & Lead	0.005%	0.005% max.	0.001% max.
Dry Basis Assay	--------------	98%	99.5% min.
PACKING	50 Kg. Leak-proof	50 Kg. Leak-proof	50 Kg. Leak-proof

 

Zinc Chloride Pharma grade is used extensively by the Pharmaceutical and Fine Chemicals manufacturing industry for various complex organic reactions.

Zinc Chloride Pharma Grade

PARTICULARS	ZINC CHLORIDE PHARMA GRADE
Assay  (Zn as ZnCl2)	95-98 %
Appearance	Snow-white
Ammonia as NH4Cl	1% max.
Alkalis and Alk. Earth	1% max.
Iron & Lead	0.005% max.
Dry Basis Assay	99% min.
Zinc Oxide	1% max.
L.O.D. @ 250oC	1% max.

 

Zinc Chloride is offered as a 40-43% strength water solution, commonly know as Zinc Chloride Lye or Zinc Chloride Solution.  This product is preferred by Battery and Adhesive manufacturers.

Typical Specification of Zinc Chloride Lye

PARTICULARS	ZINC CHLORIDE LYE
Assay  (as ZnCl2)	40-42%
Appearance	Water White Liquid
Iron & Lead	Less than 10 ppm
Specific Gravity	1.40-1.45

 

We also offer Free-flowing Non-caking Zinc Chloride.

 

We offer Zinc Chloride IP, BP, USP or EP made at our FDA approved world class plant
Anmol Chemicals Taloja an ISO-9001-2008 Certified Company using standard GMP techniques  

INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA
ZINC CHLORIDE (ZnCl2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT – __.__

Particulars	Zinc Chloride…I.P. Grade
Description	White or practically white, crystalline powder, odourless, very deliquescent
Assay	95.0 - 100.5
pH	Between 4.6 – 6.0
Aluminum, Calcium, Heavy Metals, Iron and Magnesium	Passes the Test
Ammonium Salts	Passes the Test
Oxychloride	Passes the Test
Sulphate	Passes the Test
Packing	In 50 Kgs. HDPE Drums with double HMHDP liners

 

Zinc Chloride General Information

Zinc chloride
IUPAC name	Zinc chloride
Other names	Zinc(II) chloride, zinc dichloride, butter of zinc, Zinc butter
Identifiers
CAS number	[7646-85-7]
RTECS number	ZH1400000
Properties
Molecular formula	ZnCl2
Molar mass	136.315 g/mol
Appearance	White crystalline solid.
Density	2.907 g/cm³, solid
Melting point	275 °C (548 K)
Boiling point	756 °C (1029 K)
Solubility in water	432 g/100 ml (25 °C)
Structure
Crystal structure	Four forms known Hexagonal close-packed (δ) is the only stable form when anhydrous.
Coordination geometry	Tetrahedral, 4-coordinate, linear in the gas phase.
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU classification	Irritant (I), Corrosive(C).
R-phrases	R34, R50, R53
S-phrases	S7/8, S28, S45, S60, S61

Zinc chloride is the name of chemical compound with the formula ZnCl₂ and its hydrates. Zinc chloride, of which nine crystalline forms are known, is colorless or white and highly soluble in water. ZnCl₂ itself is hygroscopic and even deliquescent. Samples should therefore be protected from sources of moisture, including the water vapor present in ambient air. Zinc chloride finds wide application in textile processing, metallurgical fluxes, and chemical synthesis.

Structure and basic properties

Four crystalline forms, so-called polymorphs, of ZnCl₂ are known, and in each case the Zn²⁺ ions are tetra-hedrally coordinated to four chloride ligands. Rapid cooling of molten ZnCl₂ gives a glass, that is, a rigid amorphous solid. Additionally ZnCl₂ forms hydrates and at least one mixed hydroxide, ZnClOH.

The covalent character is of the anhydrous material is indicated by its relatively low melting point of 275 °C. Further evidence for covalency is provided by the high solubility of the dichloride in etherial solvents such as wherein it forms adducts with the formula ZnCl₂L₂ where L = ligand such as O(C₂H5)₂. Consistent with the Lewis acidity of Zn²⁺, aqueous solutions of ZnCl₂ are acidic solutions: a 6 M aqueous solution has a pH of 1.

Four hydrates of zinc chloride are known. ZnCl₂(H₂O)4 crystallizes from aqueous solutions of zinc chloride. Also characterized are ZnCl₂(H2O)n where n = 1, 1.5, 2.5, and 3. When hydrated zinc chloride is heated, one obtains a residue of ZnOHCl.

In aqueous solution, zinc chloride fully dissociates into Zn2+. Thus, although many zinc salts have different formulas and different crystal structures, these salts behave very similarly in aqueous solution. For example, solutions prepared from any of the polymorphs of ZnCl2 as well as other halides (bromide, iodide) and the sulfate can often be used interchangeably for the preparation of other zinc compounds. Illustrative is the preparation of zinc carbonate:

ZnCl₂(aq) + Na₂CO₃(aq) → ZnCO₃(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)

Preparation and purification

Anhydrous ZnCl₂ can be prepared from zinc and hydrogen chloride.

Zn + 2 HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

Hydrated forms and aqueous solutions may be readily prepared by treating pieces of Zn metal with concentrated hydrochloric acid. Zinc oxide and zinc sulfide react with HCl:

ZnS(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂S(g)

Unlike many other elements, zinc essentially exists in only one oxidation state, 2+, which simplifies purification.

Commercial samples of zinc chloride typically contain water and products from hydrolysis product. Such samples may be purified by extraction into hot dioxane, which is filtered hot and the filtrate is cooled to afford a precipitate of ZnCl₂. Anhydrous samples can be purified by sublimation in a stream of hydrogen chloride gas, followed by heating to 400 °C in a stream of dry nitrogen gas. Finally, the simplest method relies on treating the zinc chloride with thionyl chloride.

Applications

As a metallurgical flux

Zinc chloride has the ability to attack metal oxides (MO) to give derivatives of the formula MZnOCl₂. This reaction is relevant to the utility of ZnCl₂ as a flux for soldering - it dissolves oxide coatings exposing the clean metal surface. Typically this flux was prepared by dissolving zinc foil in dilute hydrochloric acid until the liquid ceased to evolve hydrogen; for this reason, such flux was once known as killed spirits. Because of its corrosive nature, this flux is not suitable for situations where any residue cannot be cleaned away, such as electronic work. This property also leads to its use in the manufacture of magnesia cements for dental fillings and certain mouthwashes as an active ingredient.

In organic synthesis

In the laboratory, zinc chloride finds wide use, principally as a moderate-strength Lewis acid. It can catalyze (A) the Fischer indole synthesis, and also (B) Friedel-Crafts acylation reactions involving activated aromatic rings

Related to the latter is the classical preparation of the dye fluorescein from phthalic anhydride and resorcinol, which involves a Friedel-Crafts acylation. This transformation has in fact been accomplished using even the hydrated ZnCl₂ sample shown in the picture above.

Hydrochloric acid alone reacts poorly with primary alcohols and secondary alcohols, but a combination of HCl with ZnCl₂ (known together as the "Lucas reagent") is effective for the preparation of alkyl chlorides. Typical reactions are conducted at 130 °C. This reaction probably proceeds via an SN₂ mechanism with primary alcohols but SN₁ pathway with secondary alcohols.

Zinc chloride also activates benzylic and allylic halides towards substitution by weak nucleophiles such as alkenes:

In similar fashion, ZnCl2 promotes selective NaBH3CN reduction of tertiary, allylic or benzylic halides to the corresponding hydrocarbons.

Zinc chloride is also a useful starting reagent for the synthesis of many organozinc reagents, such as those used in the palladium catalyzed Negishi coupling with aryl halides or vinyl halides. In such cases the organozinc compound is usually prepared by transmetallation from an organolithium or a Grignard reagent, for example:

Zinc enolates, prepared from alkali metal enolates and ZnCl₂, provide control of stereochemistry in aldol condensation reactions due to chelation on to the zinc. In the example shown below, the threo product was favored over the erythro by a factor of 5:1 when ZnCl₂ in DME/ether was used. The chelate is more stable when the bulky phenyl group is pseudo-equatorial rather than pseudo-axial, i.e., threo rather than erythro.

In textile processing

Concentrated aqueous solutions of zinc chloride (more than 64% weight/weight zinc chloride in water) have the interesting property of dissolving starch, silk, and cellulose. Thus, such solutions cannot be filtered through standard filter papers. Relevant to its affinity for these materials, ZnCl₂ is used as a fireproofing agent and in fabric "refresheners" such as Febreze

Zinc Chloride is used for Friedel Craft Reaction, Azotropic or Azeotropic Distillation, Desiccation & Karl Fischer.

A little more information is on http://muby.itgo.com/zincchloride.html

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AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
For Ammonium Chloride MSDS Click here

We make Ammonium Chloride Crystal, Bars or Latta & Tablets/Pellets. in our Automatic Vacuum Evaporated Plant. Grades offered are as under:

GRADES OF AMMONIUM CHLORIDE AND SPECIFICATIONS.

CHARACTERISTIC	Technical	Pure	Extra Pure
Dry Basis Assay  (DBA)	98.5% min.	98.5% min.	99% min.
Moisture	5% max.	1% max.	1% max.
Iron	50	50	20
Sulphate	0.1% max.	0.1% max.	0.015% max.
Sulphated Ash	0.5% max	0.5% max	0.3% max
pH (2% Solution)	4.0-5.5	4.0-5.5	4.0-5.5
Matter insoluble in water	0.1% max.	0.1% max.	0.05% max.
Heavy Metals as Pb	20 ppm max	20 ppm max	5 ppm max.
Arsenic	5 ppm max	5 ppm max	1 ppm max.

 

Ammonium Chloride Non-Caking used in manufacture of Dry Cells/Batteries.

Particulars	Ammonium Chloride Pure Grade Non-Caking
Appearance	White Crystalline Powder
Assay (on Dry Basis)	99% min.
Moisture	1% max.
pH of 5% solution	4 to 6
Iron	25 ppm max.
Matter Insoluble in water	0.01% max.
Sulphate as (NH4)2SO4	0.05% max.
Packing	In 50 Kg HDPE bag with HMHDPE liner

 

We offer Ammonium Chloride IP, BP, USP or EP made at our FDA approved world class plant
Anmol Chemicals Taloja an ISO-9001-2008 Certified Company using standard GMP techniques  

We offer Ammonium Chloride and other excipients from our state of the art FDA approved manufacturing facility at Taloja (New Bombay).  Ammonium Chloride is used as expectorants in cough formulations.

INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (NH₄Cl)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT – 53.49

DESCRIPTION	COLOURLESS CRYSTALS OR WHITE, CRYSTALLINE  POWDER.
SOLUBILITY	FREELY  SOLUBLE  IN  WATER; SPARINGLY SOLUBLE IN ETHANOL (95%).
STANDARD	AMMONIUM  CHLORIDE CONTENT NOT LESS THAN 99.0%  AND  NOT MORE  THAN 100.5% OF NH4Cl CALCULATED WITH  REFERENCE TO THE DRIED SUBSTANCE.
IDENTIFICATION	A  10% w/w SOLUTION  GIVES  THE  REACTIONS  OF AMMONIUM SALTS AND OF CHLORIDES.
CLARITY  AND	A 10% w/w SOLUTION IS CLEAR & COLOURLESS.
COLOUR OF SOLN.
pH	BETWEEN 4.5 AND 6.0, DETERMINED IN A 5.0 W/V SOLUTION.
ARSENIC	NOT MORE THAN 4 PARTS PER MILLION.
HEAVY METALS	NOT MORE THAN 10 PARTS PER MILLION.
MAGNESIUM &	NOT MORE THAN 1%.
ALKALI SALTS
IRON	NOT MORE THAN 20 PARTS PER MILLION.
SULPHATE	NOT MORE THAN 150 PARTS PER MILLION.
SULPHATED ASH	NOT MORE THAN 0.1%.
CALCIUM	NOT MORE THAN 200 PARTS PER MILLION.
THIOCYANATE	TO PASS THE TEST.
LOSS ON DRYING	NOT MORE THAN 1%, DETERMINED ON 1 GM BY DRYING IN AN OVEN AT 1050C.

 

Ammonium Chloride British Pharmacopoeia (B.P.) Grade

Particulars	BP Specification	Our Typical Product
Dry Basis Assay	99-100.5%	99.9%
Characteristics	Colourless Crystals or white crystalline powder; odourless	White, crystalline powder; odourless
Solubility	Soluble in 2.7 parts of water	Soluble in 2.7 parts of water
Identification	Yields the reactions characteristic of ammonium salts and of chlorides	Yields the reactions characteristic of ammonium salts and of chlorides
Acidity or alkalinity	To conform to specified test	Passes test
Clarity and Colour of Solution	Clear & colourless solution (10% w/v)	Clear & colourless solution (10% w/v)
Calcium	200 ppm	30 ppm
Heavy Metals	10 ppm	Nil
Iron	20 ppm	5 ppm
Bromide and iodide	To conform to specified test	Passes test
Sulphate	150 ppm	20 ppm
Loss on Drying	1%	0.05%
Sulphated Ash	0.1%	0.009%

 

Ammonium Chloride United States Pharmacopoeia (U.S.P.) Grade

Particulars	Our Typical Product	USP Specification
Dry Basis Assay	99.9%	99.5-100.5%
pH of 5% Solution	5.3	4.6-6
Sulphated Ash	0.009%	0.1% (residue on ignition)
Heavy Metals as Pb	Nil	0.001%
Loss on Drying	0.1%	0.5% (4 hours on silica gel)
Thiocyanate	Passes test	To pass the test

 

Ammonium Chloride Bars or Bricks of 500gm each & 100gm Tablet.

Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) Bars or Bricks & Tablets also Sal Ammoniac, Salmiac, Salmiak, Nushadir Salt, Navsagar, Zalmiak, Sal Armagnac, Sal Armoniac, Salmiakki, Salamaka, Salmiak and Salt Armoniack

   

 

Ammonium Chloride – General Information

Ammonium chloride
IUPAC name	Ammonium chloride
Identifiers
CAS number	[12125-02-9]
Properties
Molecular formula	NH4Cl
Molar mass	53.49 g/mol
Appearance	White solid
Density	1.527 g/cm3
Melting point	338 °C (sublimes)
Solubility in water	29.7 g/100 g water at 0 °C

Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) (also Sal Ammoniac, Salmiac, Salmiak, Nushadir Salt, Navsagar, Zalmiak, Sal Armagnac, Sal Armoniac, Salmiakki, Salamaka, Salmiak and Salt Armoniack) is, in its pure form, a clear white water-soluble crystalline salt of ammonia. The aqueous ammonium chloride solution is mildly acidic.

Sources

In nature, the substance occurs in volcanic regions, forming on volcanic rocks near fume-releasing vents. The crystals deposit directly from the gaseous state, and tend to be short-lived, as they dissolve easily in water.

Ammonium chloride is prepared commercially by reacting ammonia (NH3) with hydrogen chloride (HCl):

NH₃ + HCl → NH4Cl

 

It is also available as a bye-product of Soda Ash Plant and some other chemical processes.

The ammonium chloride is also found in volcanoes and deep underground

Applications

Ammonium chloride is sold in blocks (bars or briquettes) at hardware stores for use in cleaning the tip of a soldering iron and can also be included in solder as flux.

Ammonium Chloride is used as it is or in compound fertilizer. It has higher concentration of  Nitrogen than ammonium sulphate. Nitrification is less rapid than in urea or ammonium sulphate and this means N losses are lower. Although ammonium chloride is better known as rice fertilizer, it has been tested and used on other crops like wheat, barley, sugarcane, maize, fiber crops etc. Of particular note is the use of Ammonium Chloride on palms; increasing the yield of Copra per tree.

Other uses include a feed supplement for cattle, in hair shampoo, in textile printing, in the glue that bonds plywood, as an ingredient in nutritive media for yeast, in cleaning products, and as cough medicine. Its expectorant action is caused by irritating action on the bronchial mucosa. This causes the production of excess respiratory tract fluid which presumably is easier to cough up. It is also used in an oral acid loading test to diagnose distal renal tubular acidosis.

Ammonium chloride is used in snow treatment, namely on ski slopes at temperatures above 0 °C, to harden the snow and slow its melting.

In several countries Sal Ammoniac is used to spice up liquorices-type dark candies (Finland's Salmiakki, Sweden's Lakrisal, the Netherlands' Zoute drop and the Danish Dracula Piller are popular examples), and as a flavouring for vodkas.

Ammonium chloride is used as an expectorant, diuretic and systemic acidifying agent. It is used in the treatment of severe metabolic alkalosis, to maintain the urine at an acid pH in the treatment of some urinary-tract disorders or in forced acid diuresis.

Ammonium salts are an irritant to the gastric mucosa and may induce nausea and vomiting.

A little more information is available on http://muby.itgo.com/ammoniumchloride.htm or http://muby.itgo.com/ammonium%20chloride.htm

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CALCIUM CHLORIDE
for Calcium Chloride MSDS Click here

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
CAS No.: 10043-52-4
Molecular Weight: 110.98
Chemical Formula: CaCl2

SOLID, FUSED, ANHYDROUS, LYE-SOLUTION-BRINE------FOOD GRADE------PHARMACEUTICAL GRADE------ I.P. GRADE------PURE OR MERCK GRADE------DIHYDRATE CRYSTALS------D.A. OR DISSOLVED ACETYLENE GAS GRADE------DESSICATION GRADE------SOLVENT DRYING GRADE-------CEMENT PAINT GRADE------PHOTOGRAPHY/PRINTING GRADE------PLASTIC GRADE------REFRIGERATION GRADE------HEAT TREATMENT SALTS GRADE------CEMENT HARDENING OR ACCELERATOR GRADE------ICE MELTING USE------DUST CONTROL USE.

GRADES OF CALCIUM CHLORIDE AND SPECIFICATIONS.

CALCIUM CHLORIDE HARD FUSED/SOLID	CALCIUM CHLORIDE DOUBLE FUSED	CALCIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS
Calcium Chloride 72-75%	Calcium Chloride 80-85%	Calcium Chloride 94-98%
Appearance White Lumps (Powder not offered)	Appearance White Lumps or Powder	Appearance White Lumps or Powder
Magnesium 0.3% max.	Magnesium 0.3% max.	Magnesium 0.3% max.
Iron 100 ppm max.	Iron 100 ppm max.	Iron 100 ppm max.
Dry Basis Assay 98% min.	Dry Basis Assay 98% min.	Dry Basis Assay 98% min.
In 50 Kgs. HDPE bag with HMHDP liner.	In 50 Kgs. HDPE bag with double HMHDP liners	In 50 Kgs. HDPE bag with double HMHDP liners

 

Calcium Chloride ...Food Grade and Indian Pharma Grade.
SPECIFICATIONS

Particulars	Anhydrous.	Di-hydrate.
Calcium Chloride	93% min. as CaCl2	97 to 103% as CaCl2.2H2O
Arsenic	0.0003% max. 3 ppm. max.	0.0003% max. <3 ppm
Lead (Pb)	0.001% max. 10 ppm. max.	0.001% max. <10 ppm.
Heavy Metal as (Pb)	0.0003% max. 3 ppm. max.	0.0003% max. <3 ppm.
Magnesium/Alkali	1% max	1% max.
Clarity of 10% Soln.	Clear & Colourles	Clear & Colourles
Free Acid or Alkali	0.005%max.   &   pH 4.5-9 0.2ML OF 0.01M HCl/NaOH TO 10ML OF 10%	0.005%max.   &   pH 4.5-9 0.2ML OF 0.01M HCl/NaOH TO 10ML OF 10%
Passes Standards of	Food Grade.	I.P. Std.

Calcium Chloride Di-hydrate & Calcium Chloride A. R. (PURE)

CALCIUM CHLORIDE DI-HYDRATE EXTRA PURE; A. R. MERCK SPECIFICATIONS.
Assay	97%-103%. as CaCl2.2H2O
Free Acid or Alkali	0.005% Max. as HCl OR Ca(OH)2.
Sulphate (SO4)	0.01% Max.
Iron	0.001% Max.
Magnesium	0.05% Max.

 

                                                              Calcium Chloride Hexahydrate (EXTRA PURE)
Calcium Chloride Hexahydrate is used in the pharmaceutical industry as well as for passive cooling applications as a latent heat energy storage material.  We expertise in the manufacture of hexahydrate calcium chloride and are totally equipped to offer the best grade for latent heat storage applications with user-specified melting temperature (m.p.).

CALCIUM CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE EXTRA PURE; A. R. MERCK SPECIFICATIONS.
Assay	99%-101%. as CaCl2.6H2O
Free Acid or Alkali	0.005% Max. as HCl OR Ca(OH)2.
Sulphate (SO4)	0.01% Max.
Iron	0.001% Max.
Magnesium	0.05% Max.

We offer Calcium Chloride IP, BP, USP or EP made at our FDA approved world class plant
Anmol Chemicals Taloja an ISO-9001-2008 Certified Company using standard GMP techniques  


                                                              Calcium Chloride....Gas Grade.
          We have actively assisted Dissolved Acetylene Gas manufacturers and developed the right grade which drastically reduces the Poisoning of Cylinders. This grade can also be used for desiccating other gases.

                                                              Calcium Chloride....Desiccation of Solvents & Gases.
          We have actively assisted several Solvent manufacturers, Dissolved Acetylene Gas manufacturers and developed the right grade which drastically reduces the Poisoning of Cylinders. Grades suitable for any density of Solvents, for use in Azotropic or Azeotropic Distillation Desiccation Hydrocarbon Drying and Drying of any type of Gases are offered.

                                                              Calcium Chloride....Heat-Treatment Salt Grade.
          Our group was a manufacturer of Heat-treatment Salts, manufacturing under Die-Hard brand name. We are totally equipped to offer the best grade.

                                                              Calcium Chloride....Cement Paint Grade.
          Our association with Cement Paint manufacturers is since last 35 years. We can suggest the best and/or economical grades for Cement Paint Industry. Use of 2% Calcium Chloride in Cement or Cement Paint is very beneficial in getting good hardness in very less time of curing.

                                                              Calcium Chloride ...Graphic Grade.
                                                              A quickly soluble grade is offered for this use.

                                                              Calcium Chloride...Refrigeration or Brine Grade.
            A Brine may be defined as liquid of low freezing point used in transmission of refrigeration without change of state. The brines commonly employed in refrigeration are Calcium Chloride and Sodium Chloride. Sodium Chloride is cheaper but cannot be used below minus 15⁰C. Calcium Chloride of commercial grade can operate satisfactorily upto minus 40⁰C. Use of Calcium Chloride above 33% should be avoided as it results in crystallization resulting in reduced efficiency. The Calcium Chloride selected should be adjusted to pH of around 8 and it should be free from free-acid and dirt. Coloured material should not be used as it results in corrosion and scaling of the tubes. For the same reason by-product Calcium Chloride is not desirable as it contains Organic Chlorides which may break into Hydrogen Chloride.

We offer Calcium Chloride IP, BP, USP or EP made at our FDA approved world class plant
Anmol Chemicals Taloja an ISO-9001-2008 Certified Company using standard GMP techniques  

INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA
CALCIUM CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE (CaCl₂.2H₂O)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT - 147.02

DESCRIPTION	WHITE, CRYSTALLINE  POWDER  OR FRAGMENTS   OR  GRANULES; ODOURLESS; HYGROSCOPIC.
SOLUBILITY	FREELY  SOLUBLE  IN  WATER AND IN ETHANOL (95%).
STANDARD	CALCIUM  CHLORIDE CONTENT NOT LESS THAN 97.0%  AND NOT MORE  THAN THE  EQUIVALENT  OF  103.0 OF CaCl2.2H2O.
IDENTIFICATION	A  10% W/W SOLUTION  GIVES  THE  REACTIONS  OF CALCIUM SALTS AND OF CHLORIDES.
CLARITY  AND	A 10% w/w SOLUTION IS CLEAR & COLOURLESS.
COLOUR OF SOLN.
ACIDITY & ALKALINITY	TO 10 ML OF A FRESHLY PREPARED 10% w/w SOLUTION ADD 2 DROPS OF  PHENOLPHTHALEIN SOLUTION. TITRATE IT WITH 0.01N HYDROCHLORIC ACID OR  0.01N SODIUM HYDROXIDE; NOT MORE THAN 0.2 ML IS REQUIRED.
ARSENIC	NOT MORE THAN 3 PARTS PER MILLION.
IRON	NOT MORE THAN 20 PARTS PER MILLION.
HEAVY METALS	NOT MORE THAN 10 PARTS PER MILLION.
MAGNESIUM &	NOT MORE THAN 1%.
ALKALI SALTS
ALUMINUM AND	TO PASS THE TEST.
PHOSPHATE
BARIUM	TO PASS THE TEST.
SULPHATE	NOT MORE THAN 300 PARTS PER MILLION.

 

Calcium Chloride:

IUPAC name	calcium chloride
Other names	calcium(II) chloride, calcium dichloride, E509
Identifiers
CAS number	[10043-52-4]
RTECS number	EV9800000, Anhydrous
Properties
Molecular formula	CaCl2 CaCl2.2H2O Dihydrate CaCl2.4H2O Tetrahydrate CaCl2.6H2O Hexahydrate
Molar mass	110.99 g/mol, anhydrous 147.02 g/mol, dihydrate 183.04 g/mol, tetrahydrate 219.08 g/mol, hexahydrate
Appearance	white or colorless solid
Density	2.15 g/cm³, anhydrous 0.835 g/cm³, dihydrate 1.71 g/cm³, hexahydrate
Melting point	772 °C (anhydrous)
Boiling point	>1600 °C
Solubility in water	74.5 g/100 ml (20 °C)
Structure
Crystal structure	deformed rutile
Coordination geometry	octahedral, 6-coordinate
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU classification	Irritant (Xi)
NFPA 704	0 1 0
R-phrases	R36
S-phrases	(S2), S22, S24

Grades Offered:

Calcium chloride (CaCl₂), is an ionic compound of calcium and chlorine. It is highly soluble in water and it is deliquescent. It is a salt that is solid at room temperature, and it behaves as a typical ionic halide. It has several common applications such as brine for refrigeration plants, ice and dust control on roads, and in cement. It can be produced directly from limestone, but large amounts are also produced as a by-product of the Solvay process. Because of its hygroscopic nature, it must be kept in tightly-sealed containers.

Chemical properties

Calcium Chloride can serve as a source of calcium ions in solution, for instance for precipitation because many calcium compounds are insoluble:

3 CaCl₂(aq) + 2 K₃PO₄(aq) → Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6 KCl(aq)

Molten CaCl₂ can be electrolyzed to give calcium metal:

CaCl₂(l) → Ca(s) + Cl₂(g)

Uses (Industrial)

Millions of tons of calcium chloride are made each year across the globe, and it has a wide variety of industrial applications.

Because it is strongly hygroscopic, air or other gases may be channeled through a column of calcium chloride to remove moisture. In particular, calcium chloride is usually used to pack drying tubes to exclude atmospheric moisture from a reaction set-up while allowing gases to escape. It can also be added to liquids to remove suspended or dissolved water. The dissolving process is highly exothermic and rapidly produces temperatures of around 60 °C (140 °F). In this capacity, it is known as a drying agent or desiccant. It is converted to a brine as it absorbs the water or water vapor from the substance to be dried:

CaCl₂ + 2 H₂O → CaCl₂·2H₂O

Aided by the intense heat evolved during its dissolution, calcium chloride is also used as an ice-melting compound. Unlike the more-common sodium chloride (rock salt or halite), it is relatively harmless to plants and soil; however, recent observations in Washington state suggest it may be particularly harsh on roadside evergreen trees. It is also more effective at lower temperatures than sodium chloride. When distributed for this use, it usually takes the form of small white balls a few millimeters in diameter, called prills.

Used for its hygroscopic property, it can be applied to keep a liquid layer on the surface of the roadway, which holds dust down. It is used in concrete mixes to help speed up the initial setting, however chloride ion leads to corrosion of steel rebar, so it should not be used in reinforced concrete.

Aqueous calcium chloride (in solution with water) lowers the freezing point as low as -52°C (-62°F), making it ideal for filling agricultural implement tires as a liquid ballast, aiding traction in cold climates.

Other industrial applications include use as an additive in plastics, as a drainage aid for wastewater treatment, as an additive in fire extinguishers, as an additive in control scaffolding in blast furnaces, and as a thinner in fabric softener.

We can offer Calcium Chloride for Dissolved Acetylene (DA) gas cylinder filling which minimizes poisoning of cylinders, for Desiccation, for Solvent Drying, for Cement Paint, for Photography/Printing, for Plastics, for Refrigeration, for Heat Treatment Salt manufacture, for Cement Hardening or Accelerator, for De-icing or Ice Melting, and for Dust Control applications.

Uses (food)

As an ingredient, it is listed as a permitted food additive in the European Union for use as a sequestrant and firming agent with the E number E509. The anhydrous form has been approved by the FDA as a packaging aid to ensure dryness (CPG 7117.02).

Calcium chloride is commonly used as an Electrolyte and has an extremely salty taste, as found in sports drinks and other beverages such as Smartwater and Nestle bottled water. It can also be used as a preservative to maintain firmness in canned vegetables or in higher concentrations in pickles to give a salty taste while not increasing the food's sodium content. It is even found in snack foods, including Cadbury Caramilk chocolate bars (purpose unknown).

It can be used to make a caviar substitute from vegetable or fruit juices or added to processed milk to restore the natural balance between calcium and protein for the purposes of making cheese such as brie and stilton. Calcium chloride's exothermic properties are exploited in many 'self heating' food products where it is activated (mixed) with water to start the heating process, providing a non-explosive, dry fuel that is easily activated.

In brewing beers (esp. ales and bitters), calcium chloride is sometimes used to correct mineral deficiencies in the brewing water (calcium is important for enzyme function during the mash, for kettle protein coagulation (the "hot break") and yeast metabolism) and adds permanent hardness to the water. The chloride ions enhance flavour and give a perception of sweetness and fuller flavour, whereas the sulfate ions in Gypsum, which is also used to add calcium ions to brewing water, tend to impart a drier, crisper flavour with more bitterness.

Calcium Chloride is also used in making cheese. It improves curd size and texture when using store bought milk. One teaspoon of 30% solution will treat 2 gallons of milk.  To compensate for the processing of store bought milk, add calcium chloride prior to adding rennet to the cheese mixture.  The addition of calcium chloride will help restore the altered milk protein and aid in the development of a quality curd.

Uses (biological/medical)

Calcium chloride can be injected as intravenous therapy for the treatment of hypocalcaemia (low serum calcium). It can be used for: insect bites or stings (such as Black Widow Spider bites); sensitivity reactions, particularly when characterized by urticaria (hives); magnesium intoxication; as an aid in management of the acute symptoms in lead colic; in cardiac resuscitation, particularly after open heart surgery. Parenteral calcium can be used when epinephrine has failed to improve weak or ineffective myocardial contractions. Calcium chloride injection may antagonize cardiac toxicity as measured by electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG).

It can help rapidly lower dangerously-high levels of serum potassium in hyperkalemia. Calcium chloride can be used to quickly treat Calcium Channel Blocker toxicity, from the side effects of drugs such as Diltiazem (Cardizem) - helping avoid potential heart attacks.

The aqueous form of calcium chloride is used in genetic transformation of cells by increasing the cell membrane permeability, inducing competence for DNA uptake (allowing DNA fragments to enter the cell more readily).

It can also be used in the reef aquarium hobby for adding bio-available calcium in solution for calcium-using animals such as algae, snails, hard tube worms, and Corals although the use of calcium hydroxide (kalkwasser mix) or a calcium reactor is the preferred method of adding calcium. However, calcium chloride is the quickest method to increase calcium levels as it dissolves readily in water.

A little more information is available on http://muby.itgo.com/calciumchloride.htm

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Sodium Acetate
For Sodium acetate MSDS click here

Sodium Acetate Tri-hydrate (Crystals)

SODIUM ACETATE CRYSTALS  AS PER I. P. SPECIFICATIONS	SODIUM ACETATE CRYSTALS PURE GRADE OUR TYPICAL	SODIUM ACETATE CRYSTALS REFINED  TECHNICAL OUR TYPICAL	SODIUM  ACETATE CRYSTALS TEXTILE./DYES GRADE OUR TYPICAL
Sodium Acetate of 99-101% as CH3C00NA.3H2O	Sodium Acetate of 99.5% as CH3C00NA.3H2O	Sodium Acetate of 99.0% as CH3C00NA.3H2O	Sodium Acetate of 99.0% as CH3C00NA.3H2O
White Powder	White Powder	Snow-White Powder	White Powder
A 10% Solution w/v is clear and colourles	A 10% Solution w/v is clear and colourles	A 10% Solution w/v is clear and colourless.	A 10% Solution w/v is slightly turbid.
pH between 7.5-9	pH between 7.5-9	pH between 7.5-9.	pH between 7 -9.
Arsenic < 2ppm.	Arsenic < 1ppm	Arsenic < 1ppm.	Arsenic < 1ppm.
Calcium & Magnesium < 50ppm	Calcium & Magnesium < 20ppm	Calcium & Magnesium < 50ppm	Calcium & Magnesium < 50ppm
Heavy Metals < 10ppm	Heavy Metals < 1ppm	Heavy Metals < 1ppm	Heavy Metals < 10ppm
Iron < 20ppm.	Iron < 5ppm	Iron < 5ppm.	Iron < 20ppm.
Chloride < 250ppm	Chloride < 20ppm	Chloride < 100ppm	Chloride < 300ppm
Sulphate < 225ppm	Sulphate < 1 0ppm	Sulphate < 10ppm	Sulphate < 250ppm
PACKING	50 Kg. in HDPE Bags with  liner	50 Kg. in HDPE Bags with  liner	50 Kg. in HDPE Bags with  liner

 

Sodium Acetate Anhydrous Powder.

SODIUM ACETATE  AS PER I. P. SPECIFICATIONS	SODIUM ACETATE ANHYDROUS PURE  OUR TYPICAL	SODIUM ACETATE ANHYDROUS REFINED TECHNICAL OUR TYPICAL
Sodium Acetate of 99-101% Purity as CH3COONA.3H2O	Sodium Acetate of 98.5% Purity as CH3COONA. (No H2O)	Sodium Acetate of 98.5% Purity as CH3COONA. (No H2O)
White Powder	Super Snow-White Powder	Snow-White Powder
A 10% Solution w/v is clear and colourless	A 10% Solution w/v is clear and colourless	A 10% Solution w/v is clear and colourless
pH between 7.5-9	pH between 7.5-9	pH between 7.5-9
Arsenic < 2ppm.	Arsenic < 1ppm.	Arsenic < 1ppm.
Calcium and magnesium to pass the test 50ppm	Calcium and magnesium to pass the test 20ppm	Calcium and magnesium to pass the test 50ppm
Heavy Metals < 10ppm	Heavy Metals < 1ppm	Heavy Metals < 1ppm
Iron < 20ppm	Iron < 5ppm	Iron < 5ppm
Chloride < 250ppm	Chloride < 20ppm	Chloride < 100ppm
Sulphate < 225ppm	Sulphate < 10ppm	Sulphate < 20ppm
PACKING	50 Kg. in HDPE Bags with  liner	50 Kg. in HDPE Bags with  liner

 

We offer Sodium Acetate IP, BP, USP or EP made at our FDA approved world class plant
Anmol Chemicals Taloja an ISO-9001-2008 Certified Company using standard GMP techniques  

Sodium Acetate Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) Grade

Particulars	Sodium Acetate IP
Dry Basis Assay	99 to 101%
Characteristics	Colourless Crystals
Solubility	Soluble in 0.8 part of water and in 19 parts of Ethanol (96%)
Clarity and colour of  10% w/v solution	Clear and Colourless
Alkalinity (pH of 5% solution)	7.5-9.0
Arsenic	2 ppm
Calcium and Magnesium (calculated as Ca)	50 ppm
Heavy Metals as Lead	10 ppm
Iron	10 ppm
Chloride	200 ppm
Sulphate	200 ppm
Reducing Substances	Passes test
Packing	In 50 Kg HDPE bag with HMHDPE liner

Sodium Acetate United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) Grade

Particulars	Sodium Acetate USP
Dry Basis Assay	99 to 101%
Characteristics	Colourless Crystals
Solubility	Soluble in 0.8 part of water and in 19 parts of Ethanol (96%)
Clarity and colour of  10% w/v solution	Clear and Colourless
Alkalinity (pH of 5% solution)	7.5-9.0
Arsenic	2 ppm
Calcium and Magnesium (calculated as Ca)	50 ppm
Heavy Metals as Lead	10 ppm
Iron	10 ppm
Chloride	200 ppm
Sulphate	200 ppm
Reducing Substances	Passes test
Packing	In 50 Kg HDPE bags with HMHDPE liner

Sodium Acetate:

Sodium acetate, (also sodium ethanoate) is the sodium salt of acetic acid. It is an inexpensive chemical produced in industrial quantities for a wide range of uses.

Applications

Sodium acetate
IUPAC name	sodium acetate (IUPAC)   sodium ethanoate (systematic)
Other names	sodium salt
Identifiers
CAS number	127-09-3 (anhydrous) 6131-90-4 (trihydrate)
Properties
Molecular formula	CH3COONa
Molar mass	82.03 g/mol (anhydrous)   136.08 g/mol (trihydrate)
Appearance	White deliquescent powder
Density	1.45 g/cm³, solid
Melting point	Decomposes at 324 °C
Boiling point	Decomposes
Solubility in water	76 g/100 ml (0°C)
Basicity (pKb)	9.25

Sodium acetate is used in the textile industry to neutralize sulfuric acid waste streams, and as a photoresist while using aniline dyes. It is also a pickling agent in chrome tanning, and it helps to retard vulcanization of chloroprene in synthetic rubber production.

Sodium acetate is the chemical that gives salt and vinegar chips (crisps) their flavor. It may also be added to foods as a preservative; in this application it is usually written as "sodium diacetate" and labeled E262.

As the conjugate base of a weak acid, a solution of sodium acetate and acetic acid can act as a buffer to keep a relatively constant pH. This is useful especially in biochemical applications where reactions are pH dependent.

Sodium acetate is also used in consumer heating pads or hand warmers and is also used in "hot ice". When sodium acetate trihydrate crystals (melting point 58 °C) are heated to around 100 °C, they melt. When this melt cools, it gives a supersaturated solution of sodium acetate in water. This solution is capable of supercooling to room temperature, well below its melting point, without forming crystals. By clicking on a metal disc in the heating pad, a nucleation center is formed which causes the solution to crystallize into solid sodium acetate trihydrate again. The bond-forming process of crystallization is exothermic, hence heat is emitted. The latent heat of fusion is about 264–289 kJ/kg.

Preparation

It is sometimes produced in a laboratory experiment by the reaction of acetic acid with sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, or sodium hydroxide. These reactions produce sodium acetate(aq), water, and carbon dioxide, which leaves the reaction vessel as a gas, is produced by the first two.

CH3–COOH + Na+[HCO3]– → CH3–COO– Na+ + H2O + CO2

This is the well-known "fizzing" reaction between baking soda and vinegar. 84 grams of sodium bicarbonate react with 750 g of 8% vinegar to make 82 g sodium acetate in water. By subsequently boiling off most of the water, one can refine either a concentrated solution of sodium acetate or actual crystals.

A little more information is available on http://muby.itgo.com/sodiumacetate.html

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Potassium Chloride is offered as crystals.
For Potassium Chloride MSDS click here

 

INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE (KCl)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT – __.__
 

Particulars	Potassium Chloride…I.P. Grade
Dry Basis Assay	99.0%
Description	White, crystalline powder, odourless.
Solubility	Freely soluble in water; sparingly soluble in ethanol (95%).
Matter Insoluble in Water	Clear & colourless solution (10% w/w).
Acidity or Alkalinity	Passes the Test
Barium	Passes the Test
Arsenic	1 ppm max.
Iron	20 ppm max.
Calcium & Magnesium	Passes the Test
Sulphate	300 ppm max.
Heavy Metals	10 ppm max.
Bromide	0.1%
Iodide	Passes the Test
Loss on Drying	1.0% max.
Packing	In 50 Kgs. HDPE bags with double HMHDP liners

Potassium Chloride Pure used as a Potassium source, in electroplating, etc.

Specification	As per IS:4150-1984 Grade 1	Our Guaranteed
Potassium Chloride percent by wt.	98%	99%
Iron	20 ppm	10 ppm
Sodium Chloride	1.5%	1%
Matter insoluble in water	0.5%	0.05%
Sulphate	0.6%	0.05%
Heavy metals as Lead	Not specified	Nil
Hydroxides	Not specified	Nil
Calcium	0.2%	0.02%
Magnesium	0.07%	0.05%
Moisture % by Wt. Max.	2.0%	1%

Potassium Chloride Technical Grade

Specification	Potassium Chloride Technical
Potassium Chloride DBA	98% min.
Iron	100 ppm
Sodium Chloride	0.5% max.
Matter insoluble in water	0.1% max
Moisture % by Wt. Max.	3%

We offer Potassium Chloride IP, BP, USP or EP made at our FDA approved world class plant
Anmol Chemicals Taloja an ISO-9001-2008 Certified Company using standard GMP techniques  

 

Potassium chloride
Other names	sylvite (mineral form); muriate of potash
Identifiers
CAS number	[7447-40-7]
Properties
Molecular formula	KCl
Molar mass	74.551 g/mol
Appearance	white crystalline solid
Density	1.987 g/cm3
Melting point	776 °C
Solubility in water	28.1 g/100 cm³ (0°C); 34.0 g/100 cm³ (20°C); 56.7 g/100 cm³ (100°C);
Hazards
LD50	2600 mg/kg (oral/rat), 142 mg/kg (intravenous/rat)

Potassium Chloride General Information

The chemical compound potassium chloride (KCl) is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. In its pure state it is odorless. It has a white or colorless vitreous crystal, with a crystal structure that cleaves easily in three directions. Potassium chloride crystals are face-centered cubic. Potassium chloride is also commonly known as "Muriate of Potash". Potash varies in color from pink or red to white depending on the mining and recovery process used. White potash, sometimes referred to as soluble potash, is usually higher in analysis and is used primarily for making liquid starter fertilizers. KCl is used in medicine, scientific applications, food processing and in judicial execution through lethal injection. It occurs naturally as the mineral sylvite and in combination with sodium chloride as sylvinite.

Chemical properties

Potassium chloride can react as a source of chloride ion. As with any other soluble ionic chloride, it will precipitate insoluble chloride salts when added to a solution of an appropriate metal ion:

KCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) → AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq)

Although potassium is more electropositive than sodium, KCl can be reduced to the metal by reaction with metallic sodium at 850 °C because the potassium is removed by distillation (see Le Chatelier's principle):

KCl(l) + Na(l) → NaCl(l) + K(g)

This method is the main method for producing metallic potassium. Electrolysis (used for sodium) fails because of the high solubility of potassium in molten KCl.

As with other compounds containing potassium, KCl in powdered form gives a lilac flame test result.

Manufacture/Extraction

Potassium chloride occurs naturally as sylvite, and it can be extracted from sylvinite. It is also extracted from salt water and can be manufactured by crystallization from solution, flotation or electrostatic separation from suitable minerals. It is a by-product of the making of nitric acid from potassium nitrate and hydrochloric acid.

Uses

The majority of the potassium chloride produced is used for making fertilizer, since the growth of many plants is limited by their potassium intake. As a chemical feedstock it is used for the manufacture of potassium hydroxide and potassium metal. It is also used as Muds & Chemicals in Oil Well Drilling. It is also used in medicine, scientific applications, food processing, as a sodium-free substitute for table salt (sodium chloride), and in judicial execution through lethal injection. It is sometimes used in water as a completion fluid in oil and gas operations. Also, as an alternative to sodium chloride in household water softener units. KCl is useful as a beta radiation source for calibration of radiation monitoring equipment because natural potassium contains 0.0118% of the isotope 40K. One kilogram of KCl yields 16350 becquerels of radiation consisting of 89.28% beta and 10.72% gamma with 1.46083 MeV. Potassium chloride makes up 70% of Ace Hardware's allegedly pet and vegetarian friendly "Ice Melt" though inferior in melting quality to calcium chloride (0°F v. -25°F). It is also used in Dasani water.

A little more information is packed in http://muby.itgo.com/potassiumchloride.htm or http://muby.itgo.com/Potassium%20Chloride.htm

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We can also offer Know-How & Turn-Key Projects  for the above products.

 

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