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Mubychem Group, established in
1976, is the pioneer manufacturer of Zinc Chloride, Ammonium Chloride,
Calcium Chloride, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Acetate, Sodium
Thiosulphate or Sodium Thiosulfate and various other chemicals in India. Mubychem Group has
manufacturing facilities spread across Gujarat and Maharashtra (Western India). |
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Links: Zinc
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Sodium Thiosulphate or Sodium Thiosulfate
Sodium
Thiosulphate or Sodium Thiosulfate MSDS
Sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3),
also spelled Sodium thiosulphate, or Sodium thio sulphate or Sodium thio sulfate is a colorless crystalline compound
that is more familiar as the pentahydrate, Na2S2O3•5H2O. Sodium thiosulfate
or Sodium thiosulphate
is
an efflorescent, monoclinic crystalline substance also called sodium
hyposulfite or “hypo.”
The thiosulfate anion is tetrahedral in shape and is
notionally derived by replacing one of the oxygen atoms by a sulfur atom in
a sulfate anion. The S-S distance indicates a single bond, implying that the
sulfur bears significant negative charge and the S-O interactions have more
double bond character. The first protonation of thiosulphate occurs at
sulfur.
Thiosulfate anion characteristically reacts with dilute
acids to produce sulfur, sulfur dioxide and water
Na2S2O3
+ 2HCl → 2NaCl + S + SO2 + H2O
This reaction is known as a clock reaction, because when
the sulfur reaches a certain concentration the solution turns from
colourless to a pale yellow. This reaction has been employed to generate
colloidal sulfur. When the protonation is conducted at low temperatures, H2S2O3
(thiosulfuric acid) can be obtained. It is a strong acid pKa
Iodometry
In analytical chemistry, the most important use comes
from the fact that the thiosulphate anion reacts stoichiometrically with
iodine, reducing it to iodide as it is oxidized to tetrathionate:
2 S2O32−(aq)
+ I2(aq)
→ S4O62−(aq)
+ 2 I−(aq)
Due to the quantitative nature of this reaction, as well
as the fact that Na2S2O3•5H2O
has an excellent shelf-life, it is used as a titrant in iodometry. Na2S2O3•5H2O
is also a component of iodine clock experiments.
This particular use can be set up to measure the oxygen
content of water through a long series of reactions. It is also used in
estimating volumetrically, the concentrations of certain compounds in
solution (hydrogen peroxide, for instance), and in estimating the chlorine
content in commercial bleaching powder and water.
Gold extraction
Sodium thiosulphate is one component of an alternative
lixiviant to cyanide for extraction of gold. It forms a strong complex with
gold(I) ions, [Au(S2O3)2]3-. The
advantage of this approach is that thiosulfate is essentially non-toxic and
that ore types that are refractory to gold cyanidation (e.g. carbonaceous or
Carlin type ores) can be leached by thiosulphate. Some problems with this
alternative process include the high consumption of thiosulfate, and the
lack of a suitable recovery technique, since [Au(S2O3)2]3-
does not adsorb to activated carbon, which is the standard technique used in
gold cyanidation to separate the gold complex from the ore slurry.
Analytical chemistry
Sodium thiosulphate is also used in analytical chemistry.
It can, when heated with a sample containing aluminum cation, produce a
white precipitation:
2Al3+
+ 3S2O32- + 3H2O → 3SO2
+ 3S + 2Al(OH)3
Medical
Sodium thiosulfate is used as an antidote to cyanide poisoning. Thiosulphate acts as a sulfur donor for the conversion for cyanide to thiocyanate (which can then be safely excreted in the urine), catalyzed by
the enzyme rhodanase.
Sodium thiosulphate has also been used as treatment of calciphylaxis in
hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease.
Other uses
Sodium thiosulfate or Sodium thiosulphate is also used:
- Sodium thiosulfate or Sodium
thiosulphate is used as a component in hand warmers and
other chemical heating pads that produce heat by exothermic
crystallization of a supercooled solution.
- Sodium thiosulfate or Sodium
thiosulphate is used in Bleach
- In pH testing of bleach
substances.
- To dechlorinate tap water for
aquariums or treat effluent from waste water treatments prior to release
into rivers. The
amount of Sodium thiosulfate or Sodium
thiosulphate required can vary with the pH of the
water. A range of approximately 2 to 7 parts sodium thiosulfate to
neutralize one part chlorine is generally suggested. To
neutralize 1 liter of a 200 ppm chlorine solution, approximately 0.4 -
1.4 grams of sodium thiosulfate would be required.
- Sodium thiosulfate or Sodium
thiosulphate is used to lower chlorine levels in
swimming pools and spas following super chlorination.
- It is used to remove iodine stains, e.g.
after the explosion of nitrogen triiodide.
- Sodium thiosulfate or Sodium
thiosulphate is used in bacteriological water
assessment.
- It is used in the tanning of leather.
- Melted sodium thiosulfate is very easy
to overcool to room temperature and when crystallization is forced, the
sudden temperature jump to 48.3°C can be experienced by touch. It is
used in phase change material.
- Sodium thiosulfate or Sodium
thiosulphate is used in paper industry.
- It is used in medicine and as disinfectant.
A low amount can be found in natural hot springs water, but
they do have trace sodium sulfide too, which is why it can used to treat
skin problems and some bathe in it to relieve them of skin problems,
rheumatism, although indirectly.
It is
systemically for cyanide or arsenic poisoning and topically as an
antifungal.
- It is used in electroplating.
- As part of patina recipes for
copper alloys.
- Often used in pharmaceutical
preparations as an anionic surfactant to aid in dispersion.
Sodium Thiosulphate
Pentahydrate or Sodium Thiosulfate or Sodium Hyposulfite Specifications:
ITC-HSN Code: 2832 30 10
CAS: 10102-17-7 (7772-98-7 Anhydrous)
Formula : Na2S2O3.5H2O
Molecular Weight : 258
Appearance : White
Crystalline
Assay : 98% min
Iron : 0.002%
max
Heavy metals : 0.0001% max
We can give both the grades Sodium Thiosulphate Pentahydrate and
Sodium Thiosulfate Anhydrous.
We can give the technical grade small crystals and large crystals too.
For more information contact manufacturers at:
MUBY CHEMICALS
S-8, SARIFA MANSION, 2ND FLANK ROAD, CHINCHBUNDER, MUMBAI 400009, INDIA.
TEL: 91-22-23770100,
23726950, 23774610, 23723564.
FAX: 91-22-23728264.
e-mail:
info@mubychem.com
Cell Call
to Anmol: +91-9821870100 or Ambrish: +91-9821570100
Copyright and Usual Disclaimer is
Applicable.
Last updated
21 November, 2009
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